VOA [Voice of America] Africa : September 26, 2019 03:00PM-04:00PM EDT
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VOA [Voice of America] Africa : September 26, 2019 03:00PM-04:00PM EDT
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- 2019-09-26
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Closed captions transcript:
00:00:00
With both diplomats and farmers Lisa
Bryant for Geo News Paris the u.s.
00:00:05
National Transportation Safety Board is
issuing several recommendations as part of
00:00:10
its investigations into 2 deadly crashes
of Boeing $737.00 Max jets in Indonesia
00:00:17
and Ethiopia
00:00:19
a piece at Donahue reports one recommendation
is that Boeing should consider how
00:00:23
confusion in the cockpit can slow down
response by pilots when there is some kind
00:00:28
of problem the suggestion is Boeing
underestimates response time to diagnose and
00:00:33
react because of multiple alarms going
off competing for attention Max planes
00:00:38
crashed in Indonesia any Theo Pia in the
past year killing $348.00 people it will
00:00:44
be up to investigators there to determine
what caused the accidents polyphony
00:00:48
reports point to an anti stall system
that kicked in based on faulty sensor
00:00:53
readings pushing the noses of the planes
down and Donahue Washington the u.n.
00:00:58
Monitoring agency says that Iran has begun
using advanced centrifuges to enrich
00:01:04
uranium a violation of a landmark
agreement with world powers the i.a.e.a.
00:01:10
Report said technologically advanced
centrifuges at Iran's Natanz facility were
00:01:15
accumulating or had been prepared to
accumulate in ridged your rainy I'm the
00:01:20
developments breach
00:01:21
a landmark deal that world powers reached
in 2015 their places limitations on
00:01:27
Iran's nuclear program in exchange for
sanctions relief President Donald Trump has
00:01:31
pulled the United States out of that accord
the Pentagon said on Thursday it plans
00:01:37
to send 4 radar systems
00:01:38
a battery of Patriot missiles and about
$200.00 support personnel to bolster Saudi
00:01:44
Arabia's defenses after the largest ever
attack on the kingdom's oil facilities
00:01:49
this month the deployment clarifies the
Pentagon's announcement last week that it
00:01:53
would send more forces after an attack
on that facility I'm David versus v.o.a.
00:01:59
New.
00:02:11
Today is Thursday September 26th and this
is via ways international edition I'm
00:02:16
Steve Miller in Washington coming up u.s.
00:02:19
President Donald Trump continues to
deny any wrongdoing over his call with
00:02:24
Ukraine's leader no push no
pressure no nothing. To Hope's x.
00:02:30
Is all
00:02:30
a big hoax Also ahead objections to Israel's
planned an exaggeration at the United
00:02:35
Nations and where does Britain
Parliament go from here as the BRICs
00:02:40
a date looms ahead Those stories
and more are all coming up next.
00:02:53
U.s.
00:02:53
President Donald Trump and his final news
conference on the sidelines of the u.n.
00:02:58
General Assembly meeting continued his
verbal assault on the investigation into his
00:03:03
conduct with Ukraine and the witch and
continues but they are getting hit hard on
00:03:09
this witch hunt because when they
look at the information it's
00:03:14
a joke. Impeachment that Mr Trump pressed
Ukraine's president to investigate
00:03:20
a political rival former Vice President
Joe Biden in coordination with the u.s.
00:03:25
Attorney general and Trump's personal
lawyer according to a summary of
00:03:29
a telephone call released by the Trump
administration Wednesday across the country
00:03:34
people are voicing their opinions about
the impeachment inquiry Democratic voter
00:03:38
David Schulman says no one wins with the
impeachment of the president but I think
00:03:43
it's a disaster for the state I think
and it's really embarrassing as
00:03:47
a citizen I think that President
Trump has demeaned the office
00:03:55
disgraced the office of the president and
that being said I don't know that there
00:03:59
is a. Enough. Meat on the bone
if you will to actually be
00:04:03
a criminal offense worthy of impeachment
and as such I think that risk that creates
00:04:10
a big political risk for the Democrats
Independent voter Mike Mullen says the
00:04:15
impeachment debate in Washington shows
the visions within the nation Ransome
00:04:20
current state of affairs right now in the
us versus them I think that's the people
00:04:24
are frustrated with and everybody screams
whoever screams the loudest or makes the
00:04:30
grand And while the stack evasions those
are what catches headlines and that's what
00:04:36
everybody gets drawn to we are really
even looking at the real issues that are
00:04:40
confronting this country and Republican
voter Joan Ranki says impeachment makes the
00:04:45
whole country look bad I'm concerned about
it simply because of the United States
00:04:51
and the what it says to the world about
us. I'm not going to say that there's not
00:04:57
may be
00:04:58
a reason for it I'm not sure because I
haven't really heard anything definitive on
00:05:03
either side it's all pointing
fingers but I don't think it's
00:05:07
a good thing for the country on Wednesday
evening lawmakers who sit on Intelligence
00:05:11
Committees visited the whistle blowers
complaint assessments are generally split
00:05:16
along party lines with Democrats calling
it damning and Republicans predicting its
00:05:21
public release would not cause any concern
for the fate of the Trump presidency
00:05:26
however
00:05:26
a Republican member of the Senate Intelligence
Committee said there are real troubling
00:05:30
things here Senator Ben Sasse told reporters
that Republicans ought not just to
00:05:35
circle the wagons to protect Mr Trump
Similary Senate Democratic leader Chuck
00:05:41
Schumer told reporters that the document
was very troubling and that there are so
00:05:45
many facts that have to be examined now
joining us from Capitol Hill where acting
00:05:50
u.s.
00:05:50
Director of National Intelligence Joseph
McGuire testified before lawmakers this
00:05:55
morning his view
00:05:56
a Congressional Correspondent Catherine
Jepson Catherine welcome to the. Graham
00:06:00
thanks so much so is it as the reports
are coming in that their questioning in
00:06:07
this 1st hearing was largely spit along
party lines. So that's really not
00:06:13
a hard thing to predict here on Capitol
Hill these days sadly you know listening to
00:06:17
some of those voters that you had on earlier
but it's certainly what seems to come
00:06:21
out of Capitol Hill and the way people
are perceiving the complaint which was
00:06:26
actually released just as that hearing got
underway giving everybody here on the
00:06:32
Hill and opportunity to go through the
actual details of the complainant self and
00:06:38
you know Democrats saying that when they
look at it they see damning the prevails
00:06:42
Republicans saying that it's all
00:06:44
a trumped up media controversy now the
questioning in this 1st open door hearing
00:06:49
this that we should know the Senate hearing
is going to be behind closed doors but
00:06:52
there's open hearing in the House Intelligence
Committee you to focus on more of
00:06:57
why the d.n.i.
00:06:59
Did not refer the whistleblower complaint
directly to Congress as part of the
00:07:05
federal statutes working Tell
us about what the d.n.i.
00:07:08
Said right so like you said
00:07:11
a lot of this hearing focused on the
nitty gritty details of what the t.
00:07:15
And I did with this whistleblower complaint
did they follow the proper procedures
00:07:20
did they turn it over to Congress as requested
soon enough and as Democrats allege
00:07:26
they didn't why didn't they do
that the d.n.i. Acting d.n.i.
00:07:31
Was able to explain some of his thinking
behind that and what it really boils down
00:07:35
to is that he was quote is an unprecedented
situation where the you really never
00:07:40
had
00:07:40
a whistleblower complaint that involved the
president of the United States so there's
00:07:46
really no procedure that you could
fall who were kept you next right now
00:07:52
congressional Democrats would say that
he had any number of options that is
00:07:56
disposal and delayed in turning that report.
Over to Congress that's why Congress
00:08:02
is here is to look at complaints like
that really quickly that is that was the
00:08:08
majority of the focus on this procedure
but what about the complaint itself the
00:08:11
president continues even coming off Air
Force One just recently calling the whole
00:08:15
process
00:08:16
a hoax what did Director McGuire say about
the Inspector General's ascertain as
00:08:23
to what the complaint held
rights and he had to walk
00:08:26
a very careful line in that hearing straight
out that the whistleblower was right
00:08:31
to come forward that he or she followed
all of the proper procedures but he was
00:08:36
clearly of only given the details of the
complainant he kept saying that that
00:08:40
really wasn't as an essential.
Catherine Jepson reports for
00:08:47
v.o.a.
00:08:48
From Capitol Hill thank you so much for
joining us here so welcome and we should
00:08:52
note that if you want to read the whistleblower
report yourself you can find it at
00:08:56
v.o.a.
00:08:57
News dot com where leaders gathered at the
United Nations General Assembly in New
00:09:02
York they're likely hear today about the
Palestinian Israeli conflict as officials
00:09:08
from both sides get their turn to address
the annual meeting Palestinian President
00:09:12
Mahmoud Abbas is scheduled to give his
speech it during the morning hours and
00:09:17
Israeli foreign minister Israel cats will
give an afternoon address at the u.n.
00:09:22
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin
Netanyahu is home trying to form
00:09:25
a government after elections last week Arab
leaders have reasserted their rejection
00:09:30
of any Israel attempt to annex Palestinian
land in the aftermath of that election
00:09:36
Jordan's King Abdullah the 2nd Egyptian
president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and
00:09:41
president. Of Iraq meeting at the United
Nations this week say they reject Israel's
00:09:47
annexation plans for the Jordan Valley and
the area north of the Dead Sea. Saudi
00:09:54
Arabia and
00:09:55
a 6 nation Gulf Cooperation Council like
ways have also condemned any such move by
00:09:59
. Israel reporters deal gavel as more
resolving the Israeli Palestinian conflict is
00:10:06
the only way to ensure peace in the region
the leaders of Jordan Egypt and Iraq say
00:10:11
after
00:10:12
a mini summit they held on the sidelines
of the un General Assembly and the same
00:10:16
and they issued they're also calling
on the international community to put
00:10:20
a stop to Israel's building and expansion
of illegal settlements as well as all
00:10:25
unilateral measures these include changing
the historical and legal status in
00:10:30
Jerusalem and its Islamic and Christian
holy sites what is really stoked the anger
00:10:34
of Arab leaders though is the pledge
made by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin
00:10:38
Netanyahu ahead of the recent election to
annex parts of the West Bank specifically
00:10:43
the Jordan Valley and an area north of the
Dead Sea effectively putting an end to
00:10:48
hopes of
00:10:49
a future Palestinian state set up their
King Abdullah already warned Israel that
00:10:53
and axing the Jordan Valley will directly
impact the relationship between Israel
00:10:58
and Jordan and Israel and Egypt and
that these types of statements are
00:11:03
a disaster to any attempt to move forward
to the 2 state solution to achieve peace
00:11:08
this warning from Jordan in Egypt as the
only 2 Arab countries to have signed peace
00:11:12
treaties with the Jewish state is meant
to be serious Laura Friedman president of
00:11:17
the Foundation for Middle East peace
explains to the away the predicament Jordan
00:11:21
could face should Israel try to an excess
area bordering the Kingdom Israel is
00:11:26
making. Ability of a Palestinian state
in the West Bank and Gaza that is
00:11:32
a security threat to Jordan and an
accidental trip to Jordan and it's not for
00:11:36
nothing but
00:11:37
a lot of the people the court that's
greater Israel vision of the future if you
00:11:42
push them they probably would say that will
Jordan an outward sign they're already
00:11:46
in the Palestinian state Friedman says that
concerns by Israel and some of the Arab
00:11:50
Gulf states over Iran's growing military
presence in the Middle East edged them
00:11:55
closer to forming open ties with Israel
and recent years building. Something of
00:12:00
a united front against Iran however
Netanyahu is an exception pledged to harsh
00:12:06
condemnation from regional leaders Saudi
Arabia and the rest of its Gulf allies who
00:12:11
called it
00:12:12
a very dangerous escalation declaring an
equation No really it takes only even
00:12:18
pretense it rips away that I think that
there could be people still want there to
00:12:23
be
00:12:23
a political solution on the West Bank and in
Gaza that resolves the claims of the Palestinian
00:12:29
great Arab neighbors that has different
levels the threat involved so countries
00:12:35
this is an issue the symbolism of Jerusalem
the symbolism of the struggle which is
00:12:41
certainly less of
00:12:43
a hot issue than it has been in past
years for the street based on polling it
00:12:48
appears to not have gone away but for Jordan
this is an immediate accidential that
00:12:52
on its border which has
00:12:55
a population of. Simply for Lebanese
Democratic reasons cannot be accommodated in
00:13:01
the next actual problem and for Egypt as
well and the argument what do you do it
00:13:05
God to do we make it Egypt's problem Egypt
doesn't want at the point where Israel
00:13:09
start announcing an expansion
and ripping away even
00:13:12
a cretin political process for those 3
countries in particular this becomes an
00:13:16
immediate and domestic accidential
issue human rights lawyer Zaha has an
00:13:21
a visiting fellow at the Carnegie Endowment
for International Peace says she
00:13:25
wonders if Benny Gantz of Israel's blue
and white party will pull Netanyahu back
00:13:30
from his campaign promise to annex the
Jordan Valley or if there may be pressure to
00:13:35
move ahead with it if the only Israeli
governing coalition that can be formed is
00:13:40
a hard right one that includes the ultra
nationalists and religious parties she
00:13:44
says than an exception is
almost guaranteed like her veil
00:13:49
a News Amman. Chief executive Carrie
lamb held talks with 150 members of the
00:13:55
community with speakers criticizing her
for curbing electoral freedoms. Norrin
00:14:00
public opinion in refusing to allow an
independent inquiry into allegations of
00:14:05
police brutality One woman called on Lam
to resign saying she was no longer fit to
00:14:10
live in landless and take notes and
took some time before responding to the
00:14:17
occasion she appeared she appealed to
the people to give her her government
00:14:21
a chance while emphasizing Hong
Kong still had a bright future and
00:14:24
a strong rule of law Hong Kong protesters
chanting anti-government slogans blocked
00:14:30
roads around the stadium where the event
was taking place the ongoing protests of
00:14:35
the biggest challenge to China's rule since
Hong Kong's handover from Britain in
00:14:39
1997 this is for you
00:14:43
a news. This is in
00:14:47
a minute. The UN's Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change or i.p.c.c.
00:14:53
Released
00:14:54
a report on the world's oceans are in
greatest fear the ice covered parts of the
00:14:58
earth the report of the due to greenhouse
gas emissions the current and Ridge
00:15:02
Global Temperature is already one degree
Celsius above pre-industrial levels the
00:15:07
u.n.
00:15:08
Report suggests that there is significant
evidence to demonstrate the impact temperature
00:15:13
increase is having on people in the rooms
very to ecosystems the one Scientists say
00:15:18
the usually is warmer more acidic and
less productive and because of melting
00:15:23
glaciers and ice sheets the global sea
level is rising even more so in recent
00:15:27
decades parents placed
here of the i.p.c.c.
00:15:31
Says that the rules pollutions are in
cryosphere have been taking the heat from
00:15:35
climate change for decades and consequences
for nature and humanity are sweeping
00:15:40
and severe I am view ways Rick pencil
00:15:43
a 0. Feelings international
00:15:49
edition continues I'm Steve Miller and
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson faced
00:15:54
a backlash from furious lawmakers today
over his use of confrontational language in
00:16:00
Parliament about his opponents of his bricks
that plan and debate Wednesday Johnson
00:16:04
characterize an opposition law ordering
a Bracks a delay as a surrender act and
00:16:09
a humiliation Bill Johnson went further
by saying that delaying Brax it would be
00:16:14
tray voters and brushed off concerns his
language might endanger legislators
00:16:20
Johnson took power 2 months ago with
00:16:22
a do or die promise that
Britain will leave the e.u.
00:16:25
On schedule October 31st with or without
00:16:29
a divorce deal he's putting himself
against lawmakers determined to avoid
00:16:32
a no deal Breck sets which economists
say would disrupt trade with the e.u.
00:16:37
And plunge the United Kingdom into recession
to bring us up to speed on the latest
00:16:41
developments as Parliament resumes discussions
on what to do next we're joined on
00:16:45
the phone by
00:16:46
a London based reporter and re Ridgwell
Henry welcome to the program. You want
00:16:51
another fiery day and fiery indeed some
of the language that Mr Johnson was using
00:16:57
was really heating up the House of
Commons. Absolutely talk of betrayal
00:17:03
talk of
00:17:04
a surrender bill that prompted much criticism
from Opposition M.P.'s but Mr Jones
00:17:11
and supporters point to language on the
other side they have accused bricks its
00:17:16
supporters of being racists and xenophobes
So you really see the mood the tension
00:17:22
on both sides is really heating up ahead
of this ilk over 31st breaks it deadline
00:17:28
and the fact that the Supreme Court in
Britain ruled against Boris Johnson 2 days
00:17:34
ago in his attempt to suspend parliament
full saying the prime minister to come
00:17:38
back from the un in New York and address
M.P.'s that of course turned up the heat
00:17:44
as well you had
00:17:45
a chamber full of confidence full of
vindicated members of parliament ready to vent
00:17:51
their fury on the prime minister
and that all added up to
00:17:55
a very angry session in the House of Commons
yesterday so where things going to go
00:18:00
from here because we keep on talking about
October 31st as the divorce date we're
00:18:05
Britain may crash out of the e.u.
00:18:07
But the next date that's really
important you know in terms of
00:18:10
a timeline is October 19th date where
you know if there's no deal in place by
00:18:16
a law Mr Johnson has to ask for an extension
were things stand with that because
00:18:22
he's committed to leaving no matter what
that's right and that's where Mr Johnson's
00:18:28
. Rhetoric over leaving the European
Union on October 31st and British will
00:18:35
collide opposition M.P.'s have passed
this legislation that you describe saying
00:18:40
that if he has not struck
00:18:42
a deal by October the 19th that's the day
off to this big European Union summit in
00:18:48
Brussels where he will face all the other
European Union leaders if they don't
00:18:51
strike
00:18:52
a deal at that summit the day off today
he will have to go to them and ask for
00:18:56
a break that extension that's what the
legislation says Mr Johnson has been.
00:19:01
Cisterns in saying he will refuse to do so
by you can tell you though that he will
00:19:06
adhere to the lure and of course this is
very relevant having been defeated in the
00:19:11
Supremes cool just 2 days ago he is some
of the analysts say that they believe that
00:19:18
Boris Johnson's office spies some kind of
loophole in this legislation that will
00:19:23
allow them to get around it to ignore that
piece of legislation but north end up in
00:19:27
court those who curated and passed
this piece of legislation insist it is
00:19:32
watertight and if Mr Johnson does refuse
to go and ask for an extension they will
00:19:36
take him to court that cool case would be
passed very quickly and he would be found
00:19:41
in contempt of court or he would be found
on little full once again it's possible
00:19:46
then that the prime minister may resign
and fulfill his promise of refusing to us
00:19:51
for an extension from seeing perhaps another
election or the formation of another
00:19:56
government and
00:19:56
a new prime minister to go and ask Brussels
for an extension so for the moment we
00:20:02
have
00:20:02
a prime minister insisting that he's going
to stick to his pledge of leaving on October
00:20:06
the 31st and we have a lure that
says we can't leave without
00:20:10
a deal and the prospects of actually
having a deal between Britain and the e.u.
00:20:15
To leave the Bloc seem very remote indeed
so at some point something's got to give
00:20:20
before that happens I think we're going
to see plenty more angry sessions in the
00:20:24
House of Parliament and for that will
certainly come back to you an original is in
00:20:28
London thank you so much great to be with
you Steve. Vili's Korean service has
00:20:34
learned that North Korea
has quietly reopened
00:20:37
a construction firm and Senegal in apparent
violation of United Nations sanctions
00:20:41
targeting Pyongyang's nuclear programs
reporting states that at least 31 North
00:20:47
Koreans are working at the firm Corman
construction and commerce Senegal Searle's
00:20:52
And joining us in the studio who report
on that is from the Korean service Humvee
00:20:57
ha thank you for coming by thanks for
having me so we have this thing where North
00:21:01
Korea is under several
sanctions u.s. Sanctions u.n.
00:21:06
Sanctions as well that prohibit them from
doing most kinds of business with u.n.
00:21:09
Member states but what exactly did your
reporting find so there's a u.n. And u.s.
00:21:16
Sanction the n.p.t. Called
months a day oversee
00:21:18
a project this North Korean company are
in the millions of dollars each year and
00:21:24
the government of Senegal
reported that u.n.
00:21:27
That mid-month state no longer exist but
we discovered that this company has been
00:21:32
operating under different name as you said
corpsman construction. And do we talk
00:21:39
to experts about what's going on and what
you're reporting on covered in Senegal
00:21:45
does a meet the criteria of violating
u.n. Sanctions yes the u.n.
00:21:51
Security Council resolutions has designated
months days so that's one even if it
00:21:56
has a different name now number 2 is that
the u.n. Resolutions have prohibited u.n.
00:22:02
Member states from conducting business with
North Korea plus we found out that some
00:22:07
of what they North Korea Workers 31 workers
has arrived in Senegal sometime this
00:22:13
year and it is also if I elation
and as and as things move
00:22:20
forward I mean what do we know about the
current state of things after reporting
00:22:26
you know there under u.n. Sanction there
under u.s. Stink sanctions has the u.s.
00:22:32
Did. Apartment made any kind of comments
about what's been going on yes the u.s.
00:22:37
State Department has responded to our story
telling that they will not hesitate to
00:22:42
take unilateral action against entities
that conduct prohibited activities or
00:22:48
facilitate sanctions evasion and Fars un
Have you gotten any kind of reply from any
00:22:53
any u.n.
00:22:54
Organizations about the activity there yes
the panel of experts of nor the North
00:22:58
Korean sanctions committee at the u.n.
00:23:01
Told us that they cannot comment on the
ongoing investigations but they told me
00:23:05
that they are or where of months Day is
doing business under different names
00:23:11
including in Senegal. Reports for our Korean
Service thank you so much for stopping
00:23:17
by the studio All right thanks for having
me. Bill to decriminalise abortion in the
00:23:23
only Australian stage where it has been
illegal was an acted by lawmakers in New
00:23:27
South Wales Thursday Phil Mercer reports
that supporters say the legislation is
00:23:32
a massive step forward for women but
Catholic leaders believe it was
00:23:37
a dark day for the state of
New South Wales following
00:23:41
a marathon debate and weeks of
protest abortion is no longer
00:23:45
a crime in Australia's most populous state
the new law allows terminations that up
00:23:51
to $22.00 weeks of pregnancy or later
if 2 specialist doctors agree critics
00:23:57
including the Catholic Church
believe the legislation is
00:24:01
a defeat for humanity but supporters say
that women seeking an abortion will no
00:24:06
longer be treated like criminals the lower
in New South Wales provoked deep splits
00:24:12
within the main political parties that
echo divisions in the community penny shop
00:24:18
and opposition Labor m.p.
00:24:20
Said the measures would protect women
none of us are in favor of abortion it's
00:24:24
lunchtime or in favor of heart attacks we
just understand that the reality is that
00:24:30
it's
00:24:30
a medical procedure that they see down Saif
Ali legally and excessively however policy
00:24:36
Callie Greg Donnelly insisted the lol was
00:24:39
a terrible mistake yes we must talk
about women but what about the unborn
00:24:46
who's in the corner. He's about to be
terminated through an excruciating procedure
00:24:52
abortion is now legal in every Australian
State and Territory Well the law is very
00:24:58
previously
00:24:58
a bullish and possibly New South Wales
only if it don't to say it's There was
00:25:03
serious risk to a woman's health
according to government estimates up to
00:25:09
a 3rd of Australian women
will choose to terminate
00:25:12
a pregnancy and between
65080000 Tema Nations
00:25:18
a camera down its across Australia
each year film Assefa v.o.a.
00:25:22
News Sydney Iran has committed another
breach of its nuclear deal with major powers
00:25:28
by enriching uranium with advanced
centrifuges in the new report by the u.n.
00:25:34
Nuclear watchdog policing the agency the
report was released on Thursday further
00:25:41
fraying the landmark of core in Iran is
breaching the restrictions of its deal with
00:25:45
major powers step by
step in response to u.s.
00:25:48
Sanctions imposed since Washington pulled
out of the agreement May of last year.
00:25:54
Juncture rock
00:25:56
a 2 term French president who was the 1st
later to acknowledge France's role in the
00:26:00
Holocaust and it and
defiantly oppose the u.s.
00:26:03
Invasion of Iraq in 2003 died Thursday
at the age of 86 as president from
00:26:10
1905 to 2007 he was
00:26:13
a consummate global diplomat but failed
to reform the economy or defuse tensions
00:26:18
between police and minority youth which
exploded into riots across France in 2005
00:26:25
and that will do it for us today you've
been listening to international edition on
00:26:30
The Voice of America on behalf of our
producer Nadia engineer Ra McLean and
00:26:35
managing editor of Cape Town Dawson thank
you so much for listening you'll be able
00:26:40
to find in-depth coverage of world
events and news at the v.o.a.
00:26:43
News website and don't forget
where there are v.o.a.
00:26:46
Mobile app you'll be able to down. Water
stories and take them with you anytime day
00:26:51
or night until next time I'm
Steve Miller in Washington have
00:26:55
a great day manning and.
00:27:02
Man.
00:27:09
Welcome to learning English
00:27:11
a daily 30 minute program from the Voice
of America I'm Jonathan Evans and I'm
00:27:18
Ashley Thompson this program is aimed
at English learners so we speak
00:27:24
a little slower and we use words and phrases
especially written for people learning
00:27:31
English. Today on the
00:27:37
program you will hear from Brian Lynn later
Steve ember will present our American
00:27:44
history series The Making of
00:27:46
a nation but 1st. For the
past 10 years the number of
00:27:53
Chinese students at u.s.
00:27:55
Universities has been rising but
university officials are starting to see
00:28:02
a sharp drop in Chinese students
several universities have
00:28:08
reported drops of 20 percent or
more this autumn at the start of
00:28:14
a new school term to get more
international students some schools are
00:28:20
advertising in other countries and working
to keep the number of Chinese students
00:28:26
they have u.s.
00:28:29
Colleges and universities need the money
paid by students from China and other
00:28:36
countries international students
usually pay the whole tuition amount
00:28:43
unlike American students many
of whom ask for financial aid.
00:28:50
University officials and observers say
there are several reasons for the falling
00:28:56
numbers of Chinese students they
include trade conflicts and
00:29:03
political tensions between China
and the United States there also
00:29:10
is increasing competition for college
students visa issues and the growth of
00:29:16
China's higher education system
at Bentley University and
00:29:23
Massachusetts the number of new Chinese
students arriving for graduate level work
00:29:29
dropped from 110 last autumn to 70 as
00:29:36
a result Bentley officials are wondering
whether all of its graduate programs
00:29:42
can survive I wouldn't describe
it as catastrophic only bad
00:29:49
said the university's president and
Allison Davis Blake She added that the
00:29:56
university has tried to to get more students
from other countries as well as from
00:30:02
inside the United States large
decreases in Chinese students
00:30:09
also have been reported at this autumn at
the University of Vermont which reported
00:30:15
23 percent decrease the University
of Nebraska Lincoln had
00:30:22
a 20 percent decrease China sends
more students to study and the United
00:30:29
States than any other country
its $363000.00 students
00:30:36
represent more than 30 percent of
all international students at u.s.
00:30:41
Universities parents and students
in China share concerns with
00:30:48
those in other countries about American
gun violence as well as immigration
00:30:54
issues. In May the Association
of International educators
00:31:01
identified the 2 main reasons for failing
numbers of international students who
00:31:07
want to study in the United States the
difficulty of getting of visa and the
00:31:14
social and political environment in
the United States but there are also
00:31:21
problems that affect only Chinese
students the trumpet ministration has
00:31:27
accused China of stealing u.s.
00:31:30
Intellectual property it is looking
very closely at Chinese students who
00:31:37
ask for visas to study robotics
flight and high tech manufacturing
00:31:45
in June China warned students and other
visitors to the United States about
00:31:51
possible difficulties and getting u.s.
00:31:54
Visas. Is an electrical
engineering student at Beijing
00:32:01
Gjelten university he said
he hopes to study at a u.s.
00:32:07
University but he is worried about the
visa process so he plans to ask to
00:32:14
study in Britain.
00:32:56
Officials from around the
world have agreed to support
00:33:01
a sharp increase in
hydrogen technology Japan
00:33:08
announced Wednesday that energy ministers
or delegates from 30 countries are
00:33:15
supporting
00:33:15
a plan to develop hydrogen
energy for transportation the
00:33:23
Japanese government invited the officials
to the hydrogen ministerial meeting in
00:33:29
Tokyo the 30 countries
reportedly agreed to calls to
00:33:36
increase production of hydrogen
powered mobility systems such as fuel
00:33:43
cell vehicles trucks buses trains or ships
00:33:50
the goal is to make 10000000 such
forms of transportation available
00:33:56
worldwide over the next
10 years in addition
00:34:02
Japan said the officials supported the
goal of setting up 10000 hydrogen
00:34:09
refueling stations worldwide by 2030. Such
00:34:15
stations will be necessary to lead
00:34:19
a successful expansion of hydrogen
powered vehicles in coming years
00:34:25
a statement said to date Asian nations are
00:34:30
a leader in developing hydrogen
technology to power automobiles
00:34:38
China Japan and South Korea have set goals
to put millions of hydrogen powered
00:34:45
vehicles on roads by 2030
experts have predicted
00:34:52
the effort will cost the country's
billions of dollars the
00:34:59
use of hydrogen to power cars has
not received as much attention in
00:35:05
recent years as electric
technology many major
00:35:12
automakers have announced plans to increase
production of electric vehicles to
00:35:18
serve
00:35:19
a growing market for clean
running cars hydrogen is
00:35:26
considered an extremely clean
energy source water and heat
00:35:33
are the only by products of
producing it also hydrogen can be
00:35:39
made from many different sources
including methane coal water
00:35:46
or even waste some critics
of hydrogen fuel cell
00:35:53
technology argue that hydrogen
powered vehicles will always be
00:35:59
a very small part of the
automobile market but supporters
00:36:06
say that hydrogen is the cleanest
energy source available for cars.
00:36:13
They believe the technology will gain
greater acceptance in the coming years as
00:36:20
more refueling equipment for hydrogen
powered vehicles is created and
00:36:26
becomes more widely available
China is by far the world's
00:36:33
largest auto market about
28000000 vehicles are sold there
00:36:39
each year the country aims to have
more than $1000000.00 hydrogen fuel
00:36:46
cell vehicles in service by 2030 about
00:36:52
$1500.00 are currently in
use most of which are buses
00:37:00
Japan which sells more than
5000000 vehicles yearly has plans
00:37:07
to sell at least 800000 hydrogen
powered vehicles by 2030
00:37:15
South Korea has an automobile market
about one 3rd the size of Japan
00:37:22
it has set
00:37:22
a target of getting 850000 hydrogen
fuel cell vehicles on the road
00:37:30
by 2030 South Korea had sold
fewer than 900 of the vehicles
00:37:36
through the end of 2018 Japanese
officials have said the
00:37:43
resource poor country sees hydrogen as
00:37:47
a way to improve its energy
security they have also noted that
00:37:53
driving distances and refueling times
for hydrogen powered vehicles are
00:38:00
comparable to gasoline cars
electric cars on the other hand
00:38:06
require hours to recharge
and generally provide only
00:38:11
a few 100 kilometers of driving
distance. Many backers in China
00:38:18
and Japan see hydrogen fuel cell
vehicles as complementing electric
00:38:24
automobiles instead of replacing
them in general hydrogen is
00:38:31
considered
00:38:32
a better choice for heavier vehicles
that drive longer distances like busses
00:38:40
so far only
00:38:41
a small number of auto makers have made
fuel cell passenger cars available to the
00:38:48
public Toyotas Motor Corp
launched its Mariah vehicle
00:38:55
at the end of 2014 the company
has sold fewer than 10000 of the
00:39:01
cars worldwide Hyundai Motor
Company has offered the
00:39:08
next 0 crossover since March
28th seen so far Hyundai
00:39:15
has sold about 2900 of the
vehicles worldwide the
00:39:22
company had sales of around 900 for
its earlier hydrogen fuel cell model
00:39:29
the Tucson I'm Brian Lynn.
00:39:45
From v o a a a learning English
Welcome to the making of
00:39:50
a nation American history in v o f
00:39:54
a special English I'm Steve Emberg
we continue the story of Alexander
00:40:01
Hamilton he was the nation's
1st secretary of the Treasury.
00:40:08
Alexander Hamilton firmly believed
that no country could become
00:40:13
a modern nation without industry
so he carefully developed
00:40:19
a program that would make the United
States and industrial nation hard to vs
00:40:26
program protected American
manufacturers from foreign competition
00:40:33
Hamilton protected them by as stablish ing
00:40:36
a system of import taxes on some
foreign goods brought into American
00:40:43
ports these tariffs raised
the prices of those goods as
00:40:49
a result American manufacturers had
much less competition in selling their
00:40:56
products Alexander Hamilton also
organized the nation's finances
00:41:04
one of his 1st steps was to pay back
the debt the country owed from the
00:41:11
Revolutionary War But Hamilton wanted
to go much further he wanted to
00:41:17
establish
00:41:18
a national bank. Hamilton argued
that many European countries
00:41:25
had national banks University of
Virginia history professor Andrew
00:41:32
O'Shaughnessy's says Hamilton saw the
advantage of Britain's system it permitted
00:41:39
a very small country to go deeply into
debt while fighting wars the British
00:41:45
should Senshi been able to project
power well beyond their size thanks to
00:41:52
a very efficient I know it
didn't look very adult and said
00:41:57
a national bank in America would increase
the flow of money throughout the country
00:42:05
it would help the national government
negotiate loans and collect taxes
00:42:12
business historian John Steele
Gordon says Hamilton believed
00:42:17
a centralized bank what also keep the
states from competing with each other
00:42:25
banks always have the problem is that they're
in the money business and so they're
00:42:29
always tempted. Too much to speculate
too much and so the central mechanism
00:42:36
to shortly but Hamilton's plan
raised Oh fears as especially among
00:42:43
farmers in the south critics argued that
00:42:47
a national bank would
give too much power to
00:42:51
a few rich men in the north.
It would take control of state
00:42:58
banks on which southern farmers and
small business men that tended
00:43:05
it would also increase the use of paper
money instead of gold and silver.
00:43:16
James Madison led the opposition
against Hamilton's plan in Congress
00:43:23
Madison said the United States
should not put all its wealth in one
00:43:29
place so he proposed
00:43:32
a system of many smaller banks in
different parts of the country he
00:43:39
also argued that b.
00:43:41
Idea of
00:43:42
a central bank was
unconstitutional no one knew more
00:43:49
about the American Constitution then
James Madison he was given credit for
00:43:55
most of the ideas in it
everyone respected his
00:44:01
explanations of its Warty. Madison
noted that the Constitution
00:44:09
gave Congress number of powers
which were stated for example by
00:44:15
constitution and gave Congress the power
to borrow money but Congress could borrow
00:44:22
money only to read pay debts to
defend the country and to provide
00:44:29
for the general good of the people
Madison said permitting Congress to do
00:44:36
more than what was in the Constitution
was dangerous Hamilton presented
00:44:43
a very different view his view came
to be known as the implied powers
00:44:50
doctrine 1 and other words the constitution
includes powers without naming
00:44:57
them business historian John Steele
Gordon says this means that Congress
00:45:04
can do what ever it needs
to do to fulfill its duties
00:45:10
unless the Constitution for bids it is
an argument that. The states never well
00:45:17
over 200 years and other 200 years
in the 171000 Hamilton's view
00:45:24
won more congressional support. He
got enough votes to approve his
00:45:30
proposal to establish
00:45:32
a national bank. Still
00:45:44
President George Washington had to sign
but bailed into law Washington worried
00:45:50
about the possibility that the bill
was not constitutional so he asked
00:45:57
3 men for advice attorney general
Edmund Randolph secretary of
00:46:04
states Thomas Jefferson and Treasury
Secretary Alexander Hamilton
00:46:11
Randolph had no firm answered
Jefferson agreed with Madison
00:46:18
creating
00:46:19
a national bank violated the Constitution
Hamilton of course disagreed
00:46:27
he said the Constitution gave government
00:46:30
a number of powers besides those
written down otherwise he said
00:46:38
the government could not work these
arguments did not completely answer
00:46:44
all of President Washington's questions
but he went ahead and signed the bill
00:46:51
to establish
00:46:52
a national bank in America.
One of its jobs was to
00:46:59
maintain the value of the country's
currency and to borrow money for the
00:47:06
government the National Bank also
increased the flow of capital
00:47:13
needed for investment it fed the
country's business and commercial
00:47:20
activities and it collected
taxes. Business historian John
00:47:26
Steele garden says America's financial
success and see in the 1790s
00:47:33
showed that Hamilton's
plan work at. The National
00:47:40
Bank and many of Hamilton's other
ideas had another important effect
00:47:47
they created
00:47:48
a disagreement that still exists
but disagreement began with
00:47:55
Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson
but 2 men were very different
00:48:02
Alexander Hamilton was born in
the West Indies to a man and
00:48:06
a woman who were not married however
Hamilton was educated in America
00:48:14
and he gained a place in society
by marrying the daughter of
00:48:19
a wealthy land owner in New York state
money and position were important
00:48:26
to Hamilton he believed men of money
and position should govern the nation.
00:48:35
To
00:48:36
a thermos Jefferson could have been what
Alexander Hamilton wanted to be through
00:48:43
his mother he was distantly related
to British nobleman and he liked fine
00:48:50
food and wine books and music
but Jefferson had great
00:48:56
respect for simple farmers and for the
men who opened America's western lands
00:49:04
to settlement he believed they need to add
00:49:08
a right to govern the nation.
University of Virginia historian Andrew
00:49:14
O'Shaughnessy says both Hamilton and
Jefferson believed they were defending
00:49:21
the ideals of the American Revolution
and he says their disagreement
00:49:29
revealed their fears Professor O'Shaughnessy
says Hamilton remembered the chaos
00:49:36
under the country's 1st weak government
he was afraid that government would
00:49:42
collapse and there would be social anarchy
John Adams and Alexander Hamilton that
00:49:49
differences were breaking down too
much and that it would lead to
00:49:52
a breakdown in the already on the other
hand he says Jefferson and his supporters
00:49:58
were afraid that the American Revolution
would like most revolutions fail
00:50:06
a small elite group would control the
country again in other words they were
00:50:13
afraid of tyranny.
00:50:22
Hamilton then Jefferson's personal
disagreements turned into
00:50:27
a public dispute when they served in
President Washington's cabinet the
00:50:33
president tried to make peace between
them he liked them and respected
00:50:40
them he believed the new nation
needed the skills of both men
00:50:46
however the disagreement
became more than just
00:50:50
a question of 2 strong men who
could not agree it became
00:50:55
a battle love to him cleat Lee
different philosophies of government.
00:51:03
Those who supported the Hamilton became
known as the Federalist Party. The
00:51:09
Federalist supported a strong
national government with
00:51:14
a powerful president and courts
in the early 17th nineties but
00:51:21
Federalists controlled the Congress they
also had great influence over President
00:51:27
Washington. Most Federalists lived
in the cities of the Northeast
00:51:35
they were the nation's bankers and big
business men they were lawyers doctors
00:51:42
and clergymen but at the time the
majority of Americans were farmers
00:51:49
laborers and small business men
many were bitter over government
00:51:55
policies that always seemed to help
the wealthy they had no political
00:52:02
party to speak for them these were the
people Thomas Jefferson wanted to reach.
00:52:10
Jefferson's task was big Many of these
Americans knew little of what was
00:52:17
happening outside their local area
many were not permitted to vote
00:52:24
because they did not own property.
Jefferson looked at the situation the in
00:52:30
each state almost everywhere he
found local political groups
00:52:37
fighting against state laws
that helped the rich. These
00:52:44
local groups were what Jefferson needed
he worked to bring them together
00:52:51
into
00:52:51
a national party to oppose the
Federalists the party came to be called
00:52:58
the Jeffersonian Republicans or
just the Republicans. It may
00:53:05
sound confusing but today many of
Jefferson's ideas are expressed by the
00:53:12
Democratic Party rather than the Republican
Party this is because of changes
00:53:19
in parties and party names over
the years in Jefferson and
00:53:25
Hamilton's time says Professor O'Shaughnessy
the idea of organized political
00:53:31
parties was new in America today we
would regard the existence of party
00:53:38
politics is essential for the
functioning of democracy the need to be
00:53:44
a minority view expressed government
need to be held accountable by an
00:53:50
opposing party but at that time he says
the people who fought in the American
00:53:57
Revolution expected to be united as
00:54:02
a result the country did not have any
laws governing what political parties
00:54:09
could or could not do there were no
restrictions on the political activities
00:54:16
of government officials so
Hamilton and Jefferson carried on
00:54:21
a war of words in their party
newspapers Jefferson has specially felt
00:54:28
the need for newspapers in
00:54:30
a democracy he believed they
provided the only way for
00:54:36
a large population to know the
truth. He once said if he had to
00:54:43
choose between a government without
newspapers or newspapers without
00:54:49
a government he would
choose newspapers without
00:54:53
a government both parties newspapers
carried unsigned articles
00:54:59
attacking the opposition both
printed stories that were false at
00:55:06
times the attacks were personal many
people felt the 2 cabinet secretaries
00:55:13
should be above that kind of public
fighting but Professor O'Shaughnessy says
00:55:20
that did not stop them the party politics
became that is this any time in history
00:55:27
toward the end of President Washington's
1st that ministration he received
00:55:32
a letter from Jefferson the secretary
of state said he planned to resign
00:55:39
he said he disagreed with most the Viet
ministrations domestic and foreign
00:55:46
policies he did not name Hamilton it
was not necessary Washington knew
00:55:53
what he meant Hamilton was the chief
planner of those policies but
00:55:59
Jefferson decided not to resign in
00:56:03
a letter to his daughter Jefferson
said the attacks on him changed
00:56:09
a decision which he did not think could
possibly be changed he must remain
00:56:16
and fight so while continuing
to serve as secretary of state
00:56:22
Jefferson began working to get his
supporters elected to Congress he believed
00:56:29
that was the only way to fight Hamilton
national elections were set for
00:56:36
1792. And that's our program
00:56:43
for today listen again tomorrow to learn
English 3 stories from around the world
00:56:50
I'm Jonathan Evans and
I'm Ashley Thompson.
00:57:07
This is Big News I'm
David Bird acting u.s.
00:57:11
Director of national intelligence just
00:57:13
a wired faced questions Thursday about
why he initially block the release of
00:57:18
a whistleblower complaint now at the
center of an impeachment inquiry into
00:57:21
President Donald Trump's actions
00:57:24
a peace agreement Ghani reports are
adapted version is now public showing the
00:57:28
whistleblower says the president pushed
Ukraine's leader to get political dirt on
00:57:33
Joe Biden and that the White House then
tried to lock down the information to cover
00:57:38
it up the House Intelligence Committee
released the document shortly before hearing
00:57:42
from the nation's acting intelligence chief
I think the whistleblower did the right
00:57:46
thing at Joseph wire says so did he in 1st
taking the complaint to the White House
00:57:51
instead of to Congress saying the
complaint dealt with executive privilege
00:57:55
a privilege that I do not have the authority
to waive but the wire says it's not
00:58:00
his role to determine if the whistleblowers
allegations are credible the complaints
00:58:05
narrative is likely to speed up the impeachment
push even as the president insists
00:58:09
again he did nothing wrong solder Magni at
the White House President Trump assailed
00:58:15
congressional Democrats for their impeachment
inquiry speaking in New York on his
00:58:20
way to Washington from called it
00:58:21
a disgrace and said it should not be
allowed bed I want to talk about it. They
00:58:27
don't want to talk about lowering drug
prices they don't want to talk about
00:58:31
anything because they're fixated on this
and Nancy Pelosi has been hijacked by the
00:58:37
radical left and everybody
knows that meanwhile 2 u.s.
00:58:40
Newspapers are reporting Trump demanded
to know who provided information to the
00:58:44
whistleblower who filed the report that led
to the impeachment inquiry federal law
00:58:50
protects whistleblowers from retaliation
for disclosing fraud waste abuse or other
00:58:56
illegal activity For more
visit our website v.o.a.
00:59:00
News dot com This is video way news France
is mourning former president Jacques
00:59:07
Chirac a veteran politician and
champion of multi-lateralism European.
00:00:00
With both diplomats and farmers Lisa
Bryant for Geo News Paris the u.s.
00:00:05
National Transportation Safety Board is
issuing several recommendations as part of
00:00:10
its investigations into 2 deadly crashes
of Boeing $737.00 Max jets in Indonesia
00:00:17
and Ethiopia
00:00:19
a piece at Donahue reports one recommendation
is that Boeing should consider how
00:00:23
confusion in the cockpit can slow down
response by pilots when there is some kind
00:00:28
of problem the suggestion is Boeing
underestimates response time to diagnose and
00:00:33
react because of multiple alarms going
off competing for attention Max planes
00:00:38
crashed in Indonesia any Theo Pia in the
past year killing $348.00 people it will
00:00:44
be up to investigators there to determine
what caused the accidents polyphony
00:00:48
reports point to an anti stall system
that kicked in based on faulty sensor
00:00:53
readings pushing the noses of the planes
down and Donahue Washington the u.n.
00:00:58
Monitoring agency says that Iran has begun
using advanced centrifuges to enrich
00:01:04
uranium a violation of a landmark
agreement with world powers the i.a.e.a.
00:01:10
Report said technologically advanced
centrifuges at Iran's Natanz facility were
00:01:15
accumulating or had been prepared to
accumulate in ridged your rainy I'm the
00:01:20
developments breach
00:01:21
a landmark deal that world powers reached
in 2015 their places limitations on
00:01:27
Iran's nuclear program in exchange for
sanctions relief President Donald Trump has
00:01:31
pulled the United States out of that accord
the Pentagon said on Thursday it plans
00:01:37
to send 4 radar systems
00:01:38
a battery of Patriot missiles and about
$200.00 support personnel to bolster Saudi
00:01:44
Arabia's defenses after the largest ever
attack on the kingdom's oil facilities
00:01:49
this month the deployment clarifies the
Pentagon's announcement last week that it
00:01:53
would send more forces after an attack
on that facility I'm David versus v.o.a.
00:01:59
New.
00:02:11
Today is Thursday September 26th and this
is via ways international edition I'm
00:02:16
Steve Miller in Washington coming up u.s.
00:02:19
President Donald Trump continues to
deny any wrongdoing over his call with
00:02:24
Ukraine's leader no push no
pressure no nothing. To Hope's x.
00:02:30
Is all
00:02:30
a big hoax Also ahead objections to Israel's
planned an exaggeration at the United
00:02:35
Nations and where does Britain
Parliament go from here as the BRICs
00:02:40
a date looms ahead Those stories
and more are all coming up next.
00:02:53
U.s.
00:02:53
President Donald Trump and his final news
conference on the sidelines of the u.n.
00:02:58
General Assembly meeting continued his
verbal assault on the investigation into his
00:03:03
conduct with Ukraine and the witch and
continues but they are getting hit hard on
00:03:09
this witch hunt because when they
look at the information it's
00:03:14
a joke. Impeachment that Mr Trump pressed
Ukraine's president to investigate
00:03:20
a political rival former Vice President
Joe Biden in coordination with the u.s.
00:03:25
Attorney general and Trump's personal
lawyer according to a summary of
00:03:29
a telephone call released by the Trump
administration Wednesday across the country
00:03:34
people are voicing their opinions about
the impeachment inquiry Democratic voter
00:03:38
David Schulman says no one wins with the
impeachment of the president but I think
00:03:43
it's a disaster for the state I think
and it's really embarrassing as
00:03:47
a citizen I think that President
Trump has demeaned the office
00:03:55
disgraced the office of the president and
that being said I don't know that there
00:03:59
is a. Enough. Meat on the bone
if you will to actually be
00:04:03
a criminal offense worthy of impeachment
and as such I think that risk that creates
00:04:10
a big political risk for the Democrats
Independent voter Mike Mullen says the
00:04:15
impeachment debate in Washington shows
the visions within the nation Ransome
00:04:20
current state of affairs right now in the
us versus them I think that's the people
00:04:24
are frustrated with and everybody screams
whoever screams the loudest or makes the
00:04:30
grand And while the stack evasions those
are what catches headlines and that's what
00:04:36
everybody gets drawn to we are really
even looking at the real issues that are
00:04:40
confronting this country and Republican
voter Joan Ranki says impeachment makes the
00:04:45
whole country look bad I'm concerned about
it simply because of the United States
00:04:51
and the what it says to the world about
us. I'm not going to say that there's not
00:04:57
may be
00:04:58
a reason for it I'm not sure because I
haven't really heard anything definitive on
00:05:03
either side it's all pointing
fingers but I don't think it's
00:05:07
a good thing for the country on Wednesday
evening lawmakers who sit on Intelligence
00:05:11
Committees visited the whistle blowers
complaint assessments are generally split
00:05:16
along party lines with Democrats calling
it damning and Republicans predicting its
00:05:21
public release would not cause any concern
for the fate of the Trump presidency
00:05:26
however
00:05:26
a Republican member of the Senate Intelligence
Committee said there are real troubling
00:05:30
things here Senator Ben Sasse told reporters
that Republicans ought not just to
00:05:35
circle the wagons to protect Mr Trump
Similary Senate Democratic leader Chuck
00:05:41
Schumer told reporters that the document
was very troubling and that there are so
00:05:45
many facts that have to be examined now
joining us from Capitol Hill where acting
00:05:50
u.s.
00:05:50
Director of National Intelligence Joseph
McGuire testified before lawmakers this
00:05:55
morning his view
00:05:56
a Congressional Correspondent Catherine
Jepson Catherine welcome to the. Graham
00:06:00
thanks so much so is it as the reports
are coming in that their questioning in
00:06:07
this 1st hearing was largely spit along
party lines. So that's really not
00:06:13
a hard thing to predict here on Capitol
Hill these days sadly you know listening to
00:06:17
some of those voters that you had on earlier
but it's certainly what seems to come
00:06:21
out of Capitol Hill and the way people
are perceiving the complaint which was
00:06:26
actually released just as that hearing got
underway giving everybody here on the
00:06:32
Hill and opportunity to go through the
actual details of the complainant self and
00:06:38
you know Democrats saying that when they
look at it they see damning the prevails
00:06:42
Republicans saying that it's all
00:06:44
a trumped up media controversy now the
questioning in this 1st open door hearing
00:06:49
this that we should know the Senate hearing
is going to be behind closed doors but
00:06:52
there's open hearing in the House Intelligence
Committee you to focus on more of
00:06:57
why the d.n.i.
00:06:59
Did not refer the whistleblower complaint
directly to Congress as part of the
00:07:05
federal statutes working Tell
us about what the d.n.i.
00:07:08
Said right so like you said
00:07:11
a lot of this hearing focused on the
nitty gritty details of what the t.
00:07:15
And I did with this whistleblower complaint
did they follow the proper procedures
00:07:20
did they turn it over to Congress as requested
soon enough and as Democrats allege
00:07:26
they didn't why didn't they do
that the d.n.i. Acting d.n.i.
00:07:31
Was able to explain some of his thinking
behind that and what it really boils down
00:07:35
to is that he was quote is an unprecedented
situation where the you really never
00:07:40
had
00:07:40
a whistleblower complaint that involved the
president of the United States so there's
00:07:46
really no procedure that you could
fall who were kept you next right now
00:07:52
congressional Democrats would say that
he had any number of options that is
00:07:56
disposal and delayed in turning that report.
Over to Congress that's why Congress
00:08:02
is here is to look at complaints like
that really quickly that is that was the
00:08:08
majority of the focus on this procedure
but what about the complaint itself the
00:08:11
president continues even coming off Air
Force One just recently calling the whole
00:08:15
process
00:08:16
a hoax what did Director McGuire say about
the Inspector General's ascertain as
00:08:23
to what the complaint held
rights and he had to walk
00:08:26
a very careful line in that hearing straight
out that the whistleblower was right
00:08:31
to come forward that he or she followed
all of the proper procedures but he was
00:08:36
clearly of only given the details of the
complainant he kept saying that that
00:08:40
really wasn't as an essential.
Catherine Jepson reports for
00:08:47
v.o.a.
00:08:48
From Capitol Hill thank you so much for
joining us here so welcome and we should
00:08:52
note that if you want to read the whistleblower
report yourself you can find it at
00:08:56
v.o.a.
00:08:57
News dot com where leaders gathered at the
United Nations General Assembly in New
00:09:02
York they're likely hear today about the
Palestinian Israeli conflict as officials
00:09:08
from both sides get their turn to address
the annual meeting Palestinian President
00:09:12
Mahmoud Abbas is scheduled to give his
speech it during the morning hours and
00:09:17
Israeli foreign minister Israel cats will
give an afternoon address at the u.n.
00:09:22
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin
Netanyahu is home trying to form
00:09:25
a government after elections last week Arab
leaders have reasserted their rejection
00:09:30
of any Israel attempt to annex Palestinian
land in the aftermath of that election
00:09:36
Jordan's King Abdullah the 2nd Egyptian
president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and
00:09:41
president. Of Iraq meeting at the United
Nations this week say they reject Israel's
00:09:47
annexation plans for the Jordan Valley and
the area north of the Dead Sea. Saudi
00:09:54
Arabia and
00:09:55
a 6 nation Gulf Cooperation Council like
ways have also condemned any such move by
00:09:59
. Israel reporters deal gavel as more
resolving the Israeli Palestinian conflict is
00:10:06
the only way to ensure peace in the region
the leaders of Jordan Egypt and Iraq say
00:10:11
after
00:10:12
a mini summit they held on the sidelines
of the un General Assembly and the same
00:10:16
and they issued they're also calling
on the international community to put
00:10:20
a stop to Israel's building and expansion
of illegal settlements as well as all
00:10:25
unilateral measures these include changing
the historical and legal status in
00:10:30
Jerusalem and its Islamic and Christian
holy sites what is really stoked the anger
00:10:34
of Arab leaders though is the pledge
made by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin
00:10:38
Netanyahu ahead of the recent election to
annex parts of the West Bank specifically
00:10:43
the Jordan Valley and an area north of the
Dead Sea effectively putting an end to
00:10:48
hopes of
00:10:49
a future Palestinian state set up their
King Abdullah already warned Israel that
00:10:53
and axing the Jordan Valley will directly
impact the relationship between Israel
00:10:58
and Jordan and Israel and Egypt and
that these types of statements are
00:11:03
a disaster to any attempt to move forward
to the 2 state solution to achieve peace
00:11:08
this warning from Jordan in Egypt as the
only 2 Arab countries to have signed peace
00:11:12
treaties with the Jewish state is meant
to be serious Laura Friedman president of
00:11:17
the Foundation for Middle East peace
explains to the away the predicament Jordan
00:11:21
could face should Israel try to an excess
area bordering the Kingdom Israel is
00:11:26
making. Ability of a Palestinian state
in the West Bank and Gaza that is
00:11:32
a security threat to Jordan and an
accidental trip to Jordan and it's not for
00:11:36
nothing but
00:11:37
a lot of the people the court that's
greater Israel vision of the future if you
00:11:42
push them they probably would say that will
Jordan an outward sign they're already
00:11:46
in the Palestinian state Friedman says that
concerns by Israel and some of the Arab
00:11:50
Gulf states over Iran's growing military
presence in the Middle East edged them
00:11:55
closer to forming open ties with Israel
and recent years building. Something of
00:12:00
a united front against Iran however
Netanyahu is an exception pledged to harsh
00:12:06
condemnation from regional leaders Saudi
Arabia and the rest of its Gulf allies who
00:12:11
called it
00:12:12
a very dangerous escalation declaring an
equation No really it takes only even
00:12:18
pretense it rips away that I think that
there could be people still want there to
00:12:23
be
00:12:23
a political solution on the West Bank and in
Gaza that resolves the claims of the Palestinian
00:12:29
great Arab neighbors that has different
levels the threat involved so countries
00:12:35
this is an issue the symbolism of Jerusalem
the symbolism of the struggle which is
00:12:41
certainly less of
00:12:43
a hot issue than it has been in past
years for the street based on polling it
00:12:48
appears to not have gone away but for Jordan
this is an immediate accidential that
00:12:52
on its border which has
00:12:55
a population of. Simply for Lebanese
Democratic reasons cannot be accommodated in
00:13:01
the next actual problem and for Egypt as
well and the argument what do you do it
00:13:05
God to do we make it Egypt's problem Egypt
doesn't want at the point where Israel
00:13:09
start announcing an expansion
and ripping away even
00:13:12
a cretin political process for those 3
countries in particular this becomes an
00:13:16
immediate and domestic accidential
issue human rights lawyer Zaha has an
00:13:21
a visiting fellow at the Carnegie Endowment
for International Peace says she
00:13:25
wonders if Benny Gantz of Israel's blue
and white party will pull Netanyahu back
00:13:30
from his campaign promise to annex the
Jordan Valley or if there may be pressure to
00:13:35
move ahead with it if the only Israeli
governing coalition that can be formed is
00:13:40
a hard right one that includes the ultra
nationalists and religious parties she
00:13:44
says than an exception is
almost guaranteed like her veil
00:13:49
a News Amman. Chief executive Carrie
lamb held talks with 150 members of the
00:13:55
community with speakers criticizing her
for curbing electoral freedoms. Norrin
00:14:00
public opinion in refusing to allow an
independent inquiry into allegations of
00:14:05
police brutality One woman called on Lam
to resign saying she was no longer fit to
00:14:10
live in landless and take notes and
took some time before responding to the
00:14:17
occasion she appeared she appealed to
the people to give her her government
00:14:21
a chance while emphasizing Hong
Kong still had a bright future and
00:14:24
a strong rule of law Hong Kong protesters
chanting anti-government slogans blocked
00:14:30
roads around the stadium where the event
was taking place the ongoing protests of
00:14:35
the biggest challenge to China's rule since
Hong Kong's handover from Britain in
00:14:39
1997 this is for you
00:14:43
a news. This is in
00:14:47
a minute. The UN's Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change or i.p.c.c.
00:14:53
Released
00:14:54
a report on the world's oceans are in
greatest fear the ice covered parts of the
00:14:58
earth the report of the due to greenhouse
gas emissions the current and Ridge
00:15:02
Global Temperature is already one degree
Celsius above pre-industrial levels the
00:15:07
u.n.
00:15:08
Report suggests that there is significant
evidence to demonstrate the impact temperature
00:15:13
increase is having on people in the rooms
very to ecosystems the one Scientists say
00:15:18
the usually is warmer more acidic and
less productive and because of melting
00:15:23
glaciers and ice sheets the global sea
level is rising even more so in recent
00:15:27
decades parents placed
here of the i.p.c.c.
00:15:31
Says that the rules pollutions are in
cryosphere have been taking the heat from
00:15:35
climate change for decades and consequences
for nature and humanity are sweeping
00:15:40
and severe I am view ways Rick pencil
00:15:43
a 0. Feelings international
00:15:49
edition continues I'm Steve Miller and
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson faced
00:15:54
a backlash from furious lawmakers today
over his use of confrontational language in
00:16:00
Parliament about his opponents of his bricks
that plan and debate Wednesday Johnson
00:16:04
characterize an opposition law ordering
a Bracks a delay as a surrender act and
00:16:09
a humiliation Bill Johnson went further
by saying that delaying Brax it would be
00:16:14
tray voters and brushed off concerns his
language might endanger legislators
00:16:20
Johnson took power 2 months ago with
00:16:22
a do or die promise that
Britain will leave the e.u.
00:16:25
On schedule October 31st with or without
00:16:29
a divorce deal he's putting himself
against lawmakers determined to avoid
00:16:32
a no deal Breck sets which economists
say would disrupt trade with the e.u.
00:16:37
And plunge the United Kingdom into recession
to bring us up to speed on the latest
00:16:41
developments as Parliament resumes discussions
on what to do next we're joined on
00:16:45
the phone by
00:16:46
a London based reporter and re Ridgwell
Henry welcome to the program. You want
00:16:51
another fiery day and fiery indeed some
of the language that Mr Johnson was using
00:16:57
was really heating up the House of
Commons. Absolutely talk of betrayal
00:17:03
talk of
00:17:04
a surrender bill that prompted much criticism
from Opposition M.P.'s but Mr Jones
00:17:11
and supporters point to language on the
other side they have accused bricks its
00:17:16
supporters of being racists and xenophobes
So you really see the mood the tension
00:17:22
on both sides is really heating up ahead
of this ilk over 31st breaks it deadline
00:17:28
and the fact that the Supreme Court in
Britain ruled against Boris Johnson 2 days
00:17:34
ago in his attempt to suspend parliament
full saying the prime minister to come
00:17:38
back from the un in New York and address
M.P.'s that of course turned up the heat
00:17:44
as well you had
00:17:45
a chamber full of confidence full of
vindicated members of parliament ready to vent
00:17:51
their fury on the prime minister
and that all added up to
00:17:55
a very angry session in the House of Commons
yesterday so where things going to go
00:18:00
from here because we keep on talking about
October 31st as the divorce date we're
00:18:05
Britain may crash out of the e.u.
00:18:07
But the next date that's really
important you know in terms of
00:18:10
a timeline is October 19th date where
you know if there's no deal in place by
00:18:16
a law Mr Johnson has to ask for an extension
were things stand with that because
00:18:22
he's committed to leaving no matter what
that's right and that's where Mr Johnson's
00:18:28
. Rhetoric over leaving the European
Union on October 31st and British will
00:18:35
collide opposition M.P.'s have passed
this legislation that you describe saying
00:18:40
that if he has not struck
00:18:42
a deal by October the 19th that's the day
off to this big European Union summit in
00:18:48
Brussels where he will face all the other
European Union leaders if they don't
00:18:51
strike
00:18:52
a deal at that summit the day off today
he will have to go to them and ask for
00:18:56
a break that extension that's what the
legislation says Mr Johnson has been.
00:19:01
Cisterns in saying he will refuse to do so
by you can tell you though that he will
00:19:06
adhere to the lure and of course this is
very relevant having been defeated in the
00:19:11
Supremes cool just 2 days ago he is some
of the analysts say that they believe that
00:19:18
Boris Johnson's office spies some kind of
loophole in this legislation that will
00:19:23
allow them to get around it to ignore that
piece of legislation but north end up in
00:19:27
court those who curated and passed
this piece of legislation insist it is
00:19:32
watertight and if Mr Johnson does refuse
to go and ask for an extension they will
00:19:36
take him to court that cool case would be
passed very quickly and he would be found
00:19:41
in contempt of court or he would be found
on little full once again it's possible
00:19:46
then that the prime minister may resign
and fulfill his promise of refusing to us
00:19:51
for an extension from seeing perhaps another
election or the formation of another
00:19:56
government and
00:19:56
a new prime minister to go and ask Brussels
for an extension so for the moment we
00:20:02
have
00:20:02
a prime minister insisting that he's going
to stick to his pledge of leaving on October
00:20:06
the 31st and we have a lure that
says we can't leave without
00:20:10
a deal and the prospects of actually
having a deal between Britain and the e.u.
00:20:15
To leave the Bloc seem very remote indeed
so at some point something's got to give
00:20:20
before that happens I think we're going
to see plenty more angry sessions in the
00:20:24
House of Parliament and for that will
certainly come back to you an original is in
00:20:28
London thank you so much great to be with
you Steve. Vili's Korean service has
00:20:34
learned that North Korea
has quietly reopened
00:20:37
a construction firm and Senegal in apparent
violation of United Nations sanctions
00:20:41
targeting Pyongyang's nuclear programs
reporting states that at least 31 North
00:20:47
Koreans are working at the firm Corman
construction and commerce Senegal Searle's
00:20:52
And joining us in the studio who report
on that is from the Korean service Humvee
00:20:57
ha thank you for coming by thanks for
having me so we have this thing where North
00:21:01
Korea is under several
sanctions u.s. Sanctions u.n.
00:21:06
Sanctions as well that prohibit them from
doing most kinds of business with u.n.
00:21:09
Member states but what exactly did your
reporting find so there's a u.n. And u.s.
00:21:16
Sanction the n.p.t. Called
months a day oversee
00:21:18
a project this North Korean company are
in the millions of dollars each year and
00:21:24
the government of Senegal
reported that u.n.
00:21:27
That mid-month state no longer exist but
we discovered that this company has been
00:21:32
operating under different name as you said
corpsman construction. And do we talk
00:21:39
to experts about what's going on and what
you're reporting on covered in Senegal
00:21:45
does a meet the criteria of violating
u.n. Sanctions yes the u.n.
00:21:51
Security Council resolutions has designated
months days so that's one even if it
00:21:56
has a different name now number 2 is that
the u.n. Resolutions have prohibited u.n.
00:22:02
Member states from conducting business with
North Korea plus we found out that some
00:22:07
of what they North Korea Workers 31 workers
has arrived in Senegal sometime this
00:22:13
year and it is also if I elation
and as and as things move
00:22:20
forward I mean what do we know about the
current state of things after reporting
00:22:26
you know there under u.n. Sanction there
under u.s. Stink sanctions has the u.s.
00:22:32
Did. Apartment made any kind of comments
about what's been going on yes the u.s.
00:22:37
State Department has responded to our story
telling that they will not hesitate to
00:22:42
take unilateral action against entities
that conduct prohibited activities or
00:22:48
facilitate sanctions evasion and Fars un
Have you gotten any kind of reply from any
00:22:53
any u.n.
00:22:54
Organizations about the activity there yes
the panel of experts of nor the North
00:22:58
Korean sanctions committee at the u.n.
00:23:01
Told us that they cannot comment on the
ongoing investigations but they told me
00:23:05
that they are or where of months Day is
doing business under different names
00:23:11
including in Senegal. Reports for our Korean
Service thank you so much for stopping
00:23:17
by the studio All right thanks for having
me. Bill to decriminalise abortion in the
00:23:23
only Australian stage where it has been
illegal was an acted by lawmakers in New
00:23:27
South Wales Thursday Phil Mercer reports
that supporters say the legislation is
00:23:32
a massive step forward for women but
Catholic leaders believe it was
00:23:37
a dark day for the state of
New South Wales following
00:23:41
a marathon debate and weeks of
protest abortion is no longer
00:23:45
a crime in Australia's most populous state
the new law allows terminations that up
00:23:51
to $22.00 weeks of pregnancy or later
if 2 specialist doctors agree critics
00:23:57
including the Catholic Church
believe the legislation is
00:24:01
a defeat for humanity but supporters say
that women seeking an abortion will no
00:24:06
longer be treated like criminals the lower
in New South Wales provoked deep splits
00:24:12
within the main political parties that
echo divisions in the community penny shop
00:24:18
and opposition Labor m.p.
00:24:20
Said the measures would protect women
none of us are in favor of abortion it's
00:24:24
lunchtime or in favor of heart attacks we
just understand that the reality is that
00:24:30
it's
00:24:30
a medical procedure that they see down Saif
Ali legally and excessively however policy
00:24:36
Callie Greg Donnelly insisted the lol was
00:24:39
a terrible mistake yes we must talk
about women but what about the unborn
00:24:46
who's in the corner. He's about to be
terminated through an excruciating procedure
00:24:52
abortion is now legal in every Australian
State and Territory Well the law is very
00:24:58
previously
00:24:58
a bullish and possibly New South Wales
only if it don't to say it's There was
00:25:03
serious risk to a woman's health
according to government estimates up to
00:25:09
a 3rd of Australian women
will choose to terminate
00:25:12
a pregnancy and between
65080000 Tema Nations
00:25:18
a camera down its across Australia
each year film Assefa v.o.a.
00:25:22
News Sydney Iran has committed another
breach of its nuclear deal with major powers
00:25:28
by enriching uranium with advanced
centrifuges in the new report by the u.n.
00:25:34
Nuclear watchdog policing the agency the
report was released on Thursday further
00:25:41
fraying the landmark of core in Iran is
breaching the restrictions of its deal with
00:25:45
major powers step by
step in response to u.s.
00:25:48
Sanctions imposed since Washington pulled
out of the agreement May of last year.
00:25:54
Juncture rock
00:25:56
a 2 term French president who was the 1st
later to acknowledge France's role in the
00:26:00
Holocaust and it and
defiantly oppose the u.s.
00:26:03
Invasion of Iraq in 2003 died Thursday
at the age of 86 as president from
00:26:10
1905 to 2007 he was
00:26:13
a consummate global diplomat but failed
to reform the economy or defuse tensions
00:26:18
between police and minority youth which
exploded into riots across France in 2005
00:26:25
and that will do it for us today you've
been listening to international edition on
00:26:30
The Voice of America on behalf of our
producer Nadia engineer Ra McLean and
00:26:35
managing editor of Cape Town Dawson thank
you so much for listening you'll be able
00:26:40
to find in-depth coverage of world
events and news at the v.o.a.
00:26:43
News website and don't forget
where there are v.o.a.
00:26:46
Mobile app you'll be able to down. Water
stories and take them with you anytime day
00:26:51
or night until next time I'm
Steve Miller in Washington have
00:26:55
a great day manning and.
00:27:02
Man.
00:27:09
Welcome to learning English
00:27:11
a daily 30 minute program from the Voice
of America I'm Jonathan Evans and I'm
00:27:18
Ashley Thompson this program is aimed
at English learners so we speak
00:27:24
a little slower and we use words and phrases
especially written for people learning
00:27:31
English. Today on the
00:27:37
program you will hear from Brian Lynn later
Steve ember will present our American
00:27:44
history series The Making of
00:27:46
a nation but 1st. For the
past 10 years the number of
00:27:53
Chinese students at u.s.
00:27:55
Universities has been rising but
university officials are starting to see
00:28:02
a sharp drop in Chinese students
several universities have
00:28:08
reported drops of 20 percent or
more this autumn at the start of
00:28:14
a new school term to get more
international students some schools are
00:28:20
advertising in other countries and working
to keep the number of Chinese students
00:28:26
they have u.s.
00:28:29
Colleges and universities need the money
paid by students from China and other
00:28:36
countries international students
usually pay the whole tuition amount
00:28:43
unlike American students many
of whom ask for financial aid.
00:28:50
University officials and observers say
there are several reasons for the falling
00:28:56
numbers of Chinese students they
include trade conflicts and
00:29:03
political tensions between China
and the United States there also
00:29:10
is increasing competition for college
students visa issues and the growth of
00:29:16
China's higher education system
at Bentley University and
00:29:23
Massachusetts the number of new Chinese
students arriving for graduate level work
00:29:29
dropped from 110 last autumn to 70 as
00:29:36
a result Bentley officials are wondering
whether all of its graduate programs
00:29:42
can survive I wouldn't describe
it as catastrophic only bad
00:29:49
said the university's president and
Allison Davis Blake She added that the
00:29:56
university has tried to to get more students
from other countries as well as from
00:30:02
inside the United States large
decreases in Chinese students
00:30:09
also have been reported at this autumn at
the University of Vermont which reported
00:30:15
23 percent decrease the University
of Nebraska Lincoln had
00:30:22
a 20 percent decrease China sends
more students to study and the United
00:30:29
States than any other country
its $363000.00 students
00:30:36
represent more than 30 percent of
all international students at u.s.
00:30:41
Universities parents and students
in China share concerns with
00:30:48
those in other countries about American
gun violence as well as immigration
00:30:54
issues. In May the Association
of International educators
00:31:01
identified the 2 main reasons for failing
numbers of international students who
00:31:07
want to study in the United States the
difficulty of getting of visa and the
00:31:14
social and political environment in
the United States but there are also
00:31:21
problems that affect only Chinese
students the trumpet ministration has
00:31:27
accused China of stealing u.s.
00:31:30
Intellectual property it is looking
very closely at Chinese students who
00:31:37
ask for visas to study robotics
flight and high tech manufacturing
00:31:45
in June China warned students and other
visitors to the United States about
00:31:51
possible difficulties and getting u.s.
00:31:54
Visas. Is an electrical
engineering student at Beijing
00:32:01
Gjelten university he said
he hopes to study at a u.s.
00:32:07
University but he is worried about the
visa process so he plans to ask to
00:32:14
study in Britain.
00:32:56
Officials from around the
world have agreed to support
00:33:01
a sharp increase in
hydrogen technology Japan
00:33:08
announced Wednesday that energy ministers
or delegates from 30 countries are
00:33:15
supporting
00:33:15
a plan to develop hydrogen
energy for transportation the
00:33:23
Japanese government invited the officials
to the hydrogen ministerial meeting in
00:33:29
Tokyo the 30 countries
reportedly agreed to calls to
00:33:36
increase production of hydrogen
powered mobility systems such as fuel
00:33:43
cell vehicles trucks buses trains or ships
00:33:50
the goal is to make 10000000 such
forms of transportation available
00:33:56
worldwide over the next
10 years in addition
00:34:02
Japan said the officials supported the
goal of setting up 10000 hydrogen
00:34:09
refueling stations worldwide by 2030. Such
00:34:15
stations will be necessary to lead
00:34:19
a successful expansion of hydrogen
powered vehicles in coming years
00:34:25
a statement said to date Asian nations are
00:34:30
a leader in developing hydrogen
technology to power automobiles
00:34:38
China Japan and South Korea have set goals
to put millions of hydrogen powered
00:34:45
vehicles on roads by 2030
experts have predicted
00:34:52
the effort will cost the country's
billions of dollars the
00:34:59
use of hydrogen to power cars has
not received as much attention in
00:35:05
recent years as electric
technology many major
00:35:12
automakers have announced plans to increase
production of electric vehicles to
00:35:18
serve
00:35:19
a growing market for clean
running cars hydrogen is
00:35:26
considered an extremely clean
energy source water and heat
00:35:33
are the only by products of
producing it also hydrogen can be
00:35:39
made from many different sources
including methane coal water
00:35:46
or even waste some critics
of hydrogen fuel cell
00:35:53
technology argue that hydrogen
powered vehicles will always be
00:35:59
a very small part of the
automobile market but supporters
00:36:06
say that hydrogen is the cleanest
energy source available for cars.
00:36:13
They believe the technology will gain
greater acceptance in the coming years as
00:36:20
more refueling equipment for hydrogen
powered vehicles is created and
00:36:26
becomes more widely available
China is by far the world's
00:36:33
largest auto market about
28000000 vehicles are sold there
00:36:39
each year the country aims to have
more than $1000000.00 hydrogen fuel
00:36:46
cell vehicles in service by 2030 about
00:36:52
$1500.00 are currently in
use most of which are buses
00:37:00
Japan which sells more than
5000000 vehicles yearly has plans
00:37:07
to sell at least 800000 hydrogen
powered vehicles by 2030
00:37:15
South Korea has an automobile market
about one 3rd the size of Japan
00:37:22
it has set
00:37:22
a target of getting 850000 hydrogen
fuel cell vehicles on the road
00:37:30
by 2030 South Korea had sold
fewer than 900 of the vehicles
00:37:36
through the end of 2018 Japanese
officials have said the
00:37:43
resource poor country sees hydrogen as
00:37:47
a way to improve its energy
security they have also noted that
00:37:53
driving distances and refueling times
for hydrogen powered vehicles are
00:38:00
comparable to gasoline cars
electric cars on the other hand
00:38:06
require hours to recharge
and generally provide only
00:38:11
a few 100 kilometers of driving
distance. Many backers in China
00:38:18
and Japan see hydrogen fuel cell
vehicles as complementing electric
00:38:24
automobiles instead of replacing
them in general hydrogen is
00:38:31
considered
00:38:32
a better choice for heavier vehicles
that drive longer distances like busses
00:38:40
so far only
00:38:41
a small number of auto makers have made
fuel cell passenger cars available to the
00:38:48
public Toyotas Motor Corp
launched its Mariah vehicle
00:38:55
at the end of 2014 the company
has sold fewer than 10000 of the
00:39:01
cars worldwide Hyundai Motor
Company has offered the
00:39:08
next 0 crossover since March
28th seen so far Hyundai
00:39:15
has sold about 2900 of the
vehicles worldwide the
00:39:22
company had sales of around 900 for
its earlier hydrogen fuel cell model
00:39:29
the Tucson I'm Brian Lynn.
00:39:45
From v o a a a learning English
Welcome to the making of
00:39:50
a nation American history in v o f
00:39:54
a special English I'm Steve Emberg
we continue the story of Alexander
00:40:01
Hamilton he was the nation's
1st secretary of the Treasury.
00:40:08
Alexander Hamilton firmly believed
that no country could become
00:40:13
a modern nation without industry
so he carefully developed
00:40:19
a program that would make the United
States and industrial nation hard to vs
00:40:26
program protected American
manufacturers from foreign competition
00:40:33
Hamilton protected them by as stablish ing
00:40:36
a system of import taxes on some
foreign goods brought into American
00:40:43
ports these tariffs raised
the prices of those goods as
00:40:49
a result American manufacturers had
much less competition in selling their
00:40:56
products Alexander Hamilton also
organized the nation's finances
00:41:04
one of his 1st steps was to pay back
the debt the country owed from the
00:41:11
Revolutionary War But Hamilton wanted
to go much further he wanted to
00:41:17
establish
00:41:18
a national bank. Hamilton argued
that many European countries
00:41:25
had national banks University of
Virginia history professor Andrew
00:41:32
O'Shaughnessy's says Hamilton saw the
advantage of Britain's system it permitted
00:41:39
a very small country to go deeply into
debt while fighting wars the British
00:41:45
should Senshi been able to project
power well beyond their size thanks to
00:41:52
a very efficient I know it
didn't look very adult and said
00:41:57
a national bank in America would increase
the flow of money throughout the country
00:42:05
it would help the national government
negotiate loans and collect taxes
00:42:12
business historian John Steele
Gordon says Hamilton believed
00:42:17
a centralized bank what also keep the
states from competing with each other
00:42:25
banks always have the problem is that they're
in the money business and so they're
00:42:29
always tempted. Too much to speculate
too much and so the central mechanism
00:42:36
to shortly but Hamilton's plan
raised Oh fears as especially among
00:42:43
farmers in the south critics argued that
00:42:47
a national bank would
give too much power to
00:42:51
a few rich men in the north.
It would take control of state
00:42:58
banks on which southern farmers and
small business men that tended
00:43:05
it would also increase the use of paper
money instead of gold and silver.
00:43:16
James Madison led the opposition
against Hamilton's plan in Congress
00:43:23
Madison said the United States
should not put all its wealth in one
00:43:29
place so he proposed
00:43:32
a system of many smaller banks in
different parts of the country he
00:43:39
also argued that b.
00:43:41
Idea of
00:43:42
a central bank was
unconstitutional no one knew more
00:43:49
about the American Constitution then
James Madison he was given credit for
00:43:55
most of the ideas in it
everyone respected his
00:44:01
explanations of its Warty. Madison
noted that the Constitution
00:44:09
gave Congress number of powers
which were stated for example by
00:44:15
constitution and gave Congress the power
to borrow money but Congress could borrow
00:44:22
money only to read pay debts to
defend the country and to provide
00:44:29
for the general good of the people
Madison said permitting Congress to do
00:44:36
more than what was in the Constitution
was dangerous Hamilton presented
00:44:43
a very different view his view came
to be known as the implied powers
00:44:50
doctrine 1 and other words the constitution
includes powers without naming
00:44:57
them business historian John Steele
Gordon says this means that Congress
00:45:04
can do what ever it needs
to do to fulfill its duties
00:45:10
unless the Constitution for bids it is
an argument that. The states never well
00:45:17
over 200 years and other 200 years
in the 171000 Hamilton's view
00:45:24
won more congressional support. He
got enough votes to approve his
00:45:30
proposal to establish
00:45:32
a national bank. Still
00:45:44
President George Washington had to sign
but bailed into law Washington worried
00:45:50
about the possibility that the bill
was not constitutional so he asked
00:45:57
3 men for advice attorney general
Edmund Randolph secretary of
00:46:04
states Thomas Jefferson and Treasury
Secretary Alexander Hamilton
00:46:11
Randolph had no firm answered
Jefferson agreed with Madison
00:46:18
creating
00:46:19
a national bank violated the Constitution
Hamilton of course disagreed
00:46:27
he said the Constitution gave government
00:46:30
a number of powers besides those
written down otherwise he said
00:46:38
the government could not work these
arguments did not completely answer
00:46:44
all of President Washington's questions
but he went ahead and signed the bill
00:46:51
to establish
00:46:52
a national bank in America.
One of its jobs was to
00:46:59
maintain the value of the country's
currency and to borrow money for the
00:47:06
government the National Bank also
increased the flow of capital
00:47:13
needed for investment it fed the
country's business and commercial
00:47:20
activities and it collected
taxes. Business historian John
00:47:26
Steele garden says America's financial
success and see in the 1790s
00:47:33
showed that Hamilton's
plan work at. The National
00:47:40
Bank and many of Hamilton's other
ideas had another important effect
00:47:47
they created
00:47:48
a disagreement that still exists
but disagreement began with
00:47:55
Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson
but 2 men were very different
00:48:02
Alexander Hamilton was born in
the West Indies to a man and
00:48:06
a woman who were not married however
Hamilton was educated in America
00:48:14
and he gained a place in society
by marrying the daughter of
00:48:19
a wealthy land owner in New York state
money and position were important
00:48:26
to Hamilton he believed men of money
and position should govern the nation.
00:48:35
To
00:48:36
a thermos Jefferson could have been what
Alexander Hamilton wanted to be through
00:48:43
his mother he was distantly related
to British nobleman and he liked fine
00:48:50
food and wine books and music
but Jefferson had great
00:48:56
respect for simple farmers and for the
men who opened America's western lands
00:49:04
to settlement he believed they need to add
00:49:08
a right to govern the nation.
University of Virginia historian Andrew
00:49:14
O'Shaughnessy says both Hamilton and
Jefferson believed they were defending
00:49:21
the ideals of the American Revolution
and he says their disagreement
00:49:29
revealed their fears Professor O'Shaughnessy
says Hamilton remembered the chaos
00:49:36
under the country's 1st weak government
he was afraid that government would
00:49:42
collapse and there would be social anarchy
John Adams and Alexander Hamilton that
00:49:49
differences were breaking down too
much and that it would lead to
00:49:52
a breakdown in the already on the other
hand he says Jefferson and his supporters
00:49:58
were afraid that the American Revolution
would like most revolutions fail
00:50:06
a small elite group would control the
country again in other words they were
00:50:13
afraid of tyranny.
00:50:22
Hamilton then Jefferson's personal
disagreements turned into
00:50:27
a public dispute when they served in
President Washington's cabinet the
00:50:33
president tried to make peace between
them he liked them and respected
00:50:40
them he believed the new nation
needed the skills of both men
00:50:46
however the disagreement
became more than just
00:50:50
a question of 2 strong men who
could not agree it became
00:50:55
a battle love to him cleat Lee
different philosophies of government.
00:51:03
Those who supported the Hamilton became
known as the Federalist Party. The
00:51:09
Federalist supported a strong
national government with
00:51:14
a powerful president and courts
in the early 17th nineties but
00:51:21
Federalists controlled the Congress they
also had great influence over President
00:51:27
Washington. Most Federalists lived
in the cities of the Northeast
00:51:35
they were the nation's bankers and big
business men they were lawyers doctors
00:51:42
and clergymen but at the time the
majority of Americans were farmers
00:51:49
laborers and small business men
many were bitter over government
00:51:55
policies that always seemed to help
the wealthy they had no political
00:52:02
party to speak for them these were the
people Thomas Jefferson wanted to reach.
00:52:10
Jefferson's task was big Many of these
Americans knew little of what was
00:52:17
happening outside their local area
many were not permitted to vote
00:52:24
because they did not own property.
Jefferson looked at the situation the in
00:52:30
each state almost everywhere he
found local political groups
00:52:37
fighting against state laws
that helped the rich. These
00:52:44
local groups were what Jefferson needed
he worked to bring them together
00:52:51
into
00:52:51
a national party to oppose the
Federalists the party came to be called
00:52:58
the Jeffersonian Republicans or
just the Republicans. It may
00:53:05
sound confusing but today many of
Jefferson's ideas are expressed by the
00:53:12
Democratic Party rather than the Republican
Party this is because of changes
00:53:19
in parties and party names over
the years in Jefferson and
00:53:25
Hamilton's time says Professor O'Shaughnessy
the idea of organized political
00:53:31
parties was new in America today we
would regard the existence of party
00:53:38
politics is essential for the
functioning of democracy the need to be
00:53:44
a minority view expressed government
need to be held accountable by an
00:53:50
opposing party but at that time he says
the people who fought in the American
00:53:57
Revolution expected to be united as
00:54:02
a result the country did not have any
laws governing what political parties
00:54:09
could or could not do there were no
restrictions on the political activities
00:54:16
of government officials so
Hamilton and Jefferson carried on
00:54:21
a war of words in their party
newspapers Jefferson has specially felt
00:54:28
the need for newspapers in
00:54:30
a democracy he believed they
provided the only way for
00:54:36
a large population to know the
truth. He once said if he had to
00:54:43
choose between a government without
newspapers or newspapers without
00:54:49
a government he would
choose newspapers without
00:54:53
a government both parties newspapers
carried unsigned articles
00:54:59
attacking the opposition both
printed stories that were false at
00:55:06
times the attacks were personal many
people felt the 2 cabinet secretaries
00:55:13
should be above that kind of public
fighting but Professor O'Shaughnessy says
00:55:20
that did not stop them the party politics
became that is this any time in history
00:55:27
toward the end of President Washington's
1st that ministration he received
00:55:32
a letter from Jefferson the secretary
of state said he planned to resign
00:55:39
he said he disagreed with most the Viet
ministrations domestic and foreign
00:55:46
policies he did not name Hamilton it
was not necessary Washington knew
00:55:53
what he meant Hamilton was the chief
planner of those policies but
00:55:59
Jefferson decided not to resign in
00:56:03
a letter to his daughter Jefferson
said the attacks on him changed
00:56:09
a decision which he did not think could
possibly be changed he must remain
00:56:16
and fight so while continuing
to serve as secretary of state
00:56:22
Jefferson began working to get his
supporters elected to Congress he believed
00:56:29
that was the only way to fight Hamilton
national elections were set for
00:56:36
1792. And that's our program
00:56:43
for today listen again tomorrow to learn
English 3 stories from around the world
00:56:50
I'm Jonathan Evans and
I'm Ashley Thompson.
00:57:07
This is Big News I'm
David Bird acting u.s.
00:57:11
Director of national intelligence just
00:57:13
a wired faced questions Thursday about
why he initially block the release of
00:57:18
a whistleblower complaint now at the
center of an impeachment inquiry into
00:57:21
President Donald Trump's actions
00:57:24
a peace agreement Ghani reports are
adapted version is now public showing the
00:57:28
whistleblower says the president pushed
Ukraine's leader to get political dirt on
00:57:33
Joe Biden and that the White House then
tried to lock down the information to cover
00:57:38
it up the House Intelligence Committee
released the document shortly before hearing
00:57:42
from the nation's acting intelligence chief
I think the whistleblower did the right
00:57:46
thing at Joseph wire says so did he in 1st
taking the complaint to the White House
00:57:51
instead of to Congress saying the
complaint dealt with executive privilege
00:57:55
a privilege that I do not have the authority
to waive but the wire says it's not
00:58:00
his role to determine if the whistleblowers
allegations are credible the complaints
00:58:05
narrative is likely to speed up the impeachment
push even as the president insists
00:58:09
again he did nothing wrong solder Magni at
the White House President Trump assailed
00:58:15
congressional Democrats for their impeachment
inquiry speaking in New York on his
00:58:20
way to Washington from called it
00:58:21
a disgrace and said it should not be
allowed bed I want to talk about it. They
00:58:27
don't want to talk about lowering drug
prices they don't want to talk about
00:58:31
anything because they're fixated on this
and Nancy Pelosi has been hijacked by the
00:58:37
radical left and everybody
knows that meanwhile 2 u.s.
00:58:40
Newspapers are reporting Trump demanded
to know who provided information to the
00:58:44
whistleblower who filed the report that led
to the impeachment inquiry federal law
00:58:50
protects whistleblowers from retaliation
for disclosing fraud waste abuse or other
00:58:56
illegal activity For more
visit our website v.o.a.
00:59:00
News dot com This is video way news France
is mourning former president Jacques
00:59:07
Chirac a veteran politician and
champion of multi-lateralism European.
Notes
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